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derivative filename/jpeg
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363-04586 to 363-04592.pdf
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Digital Object Identifier
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363-04586 to 363-04592
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Title
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Third article about the Honolulu Conference and its legacy
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Description
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Original title: "declaration", Keever's title: "'Declaration of Honolulu' in 1966 Spurs Saigon to a last Democratic Constitution and Elected Government." Article draft comparing the circumstances behind the 1966 and 1968 Honolulu Conferences. Written for the Christian Science Monitor
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AI Usage Disclosure
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Draft transcripts were automatically generated via Google Document AI and are currently under review. Please report significant errors to Archives & Special Collections at archives@unl.edu.
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Transcript
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declaration 1 (normass/deepe)
(This is the last of a three-part review of developments from the
967 1966 Honolulu Conference to the second one held last week-end).
JULY 22-The famous "Declaration of Honolulu"
SAIGON,
issued two and a half years ago, contained a four-pronged common
committment between Bey Presidents Lyndon Johnson and Nguyen
Van Thieu, representing the two Allied governments.
The second Honolulu Conference, just concluded by the two
Presidents,
has presumably reviewed progress made since then and
clarified the differences between the two Allied objectives
revealed in the original Declaration.
A significance significant difference between the two Allied
governments appeared in 966 on the crucial issue of peace
in the 1966 Declaration, which contained three separate sections--
the objectives of the South
the objectives of the American government,
Vietnamese government and the common commitments of the two
governments.
==more reuter
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declaration 2 (normass/deepe)
AGAINST
The
The first common commitment was "defense gain agression."
South Vietnamese government defined this in the positive-"to defeat the
Viet Cong and those illegally fighting with them on our soil,"
ESE
peace.
The
Vietnam section did not explicity explicitly commit its government to
The American government expressed this objective i negatively
in simply "preventing aggression" and to "remain determined no path to
peace shall be unexplored."
the stated American
In short, the South Vietnam goal was victory;
goal was the dual one of fighting while seeking to negotiate. However,
American military commanders openly exuded optimism the war could be won;
Vice President Hubert Humphrey in a visit to Vietnam following the first
Honolulu Conference stated publicly the same conclusion.
The Paris peace talks illustrate an advancement towards
towards
this goal outlined two years ago-but no one at this time in Saigon
is predicting whether South Vietnam is facing peace or more war.
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declaration 3 (normass/deepe)
iNDicates
The current military status in South Vietnam 1 now fr
the
Communist Tet offensive into the cities and its second
Sin constituted a partial ir strategic and tactical defeat for
the Communists.
"Since Tet the Communists have recovered at some times in a local
sense, but in a strategic sense they have not reseve recovered from their
heavy casualties," one knowledgeable source explained. Currently, Allied
commanders predict the Communists are attempting a strategic recovery in ord
order to launch another offensive.
But, despite military losses, the Communists scored a
AT tet
psychological and political or victory particularly in Washington and
secondly in Saigon.
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declaration 4 (normass/deepe)
The
A second common objective was the "goal of self-government. "
South Vietnamese government spelled this out as formulating a democratic
constitution and creating an elected government. Despite internal disorders
and charges of rigging the election, the Vietnamese government accomplished
this with some measure of success on the surface. The legitimacy of the
elected government is now the cornerstone of the political battle with the
Communists, especially in negotiating a peace st settlement.
The Vietnamese
constitution outlaws Communism; the elected two-house legislature and
President are considered here as so anti-Communist they currently serve
as an official bre brake on movement towards an internal accommodation
with the Viet Cong-often discussed as an important part of a peace
settlement.
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declaration 5 (normass/deepe)
the
NAL
However, the formal process of casting ballots in an
election last year, did not win the government the desired popular
support. Currently, while the Vietnamese government on the surface
holds the legal foundations of power, the Communists are considered
tunneling under its authority by attempting to spark a "general uprising."
In the villages only several miles from Saigon, for example, the Communists
are reportedly issuing ammunition and/or weapons to the peasants and the
government's village chiefs have fled their offices for security in larger
more distant torms.
more router
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declaration 6 (normass/deepe)
Allied
The other two common objectives are more difficult to assess: to
work for a social revolution and to attack hunger, ignorance and disease.
On the American ek side, an unprecedented effort was made s
to help the Vietnamese government give its people normal services--such
as education and public health-normally forgotten in the midst of a war.
In one significant forward step, the Vietnamese government,
with American
aid, built enough schools and trained enough teachers to jump the
number of primary age children in school from 58 per cent to 72 per cent.
The government is likely to meet its goal of 85 per cent of the primary
school age children in classrooms by the end of 1969. In 1954, when
South Vietnam was granted independence, only five per cent of the
primary school age children where enrolled in school, official statistics
show. But, the pivotal land reform program--which the American government
committed itself to in the Declaration of Honolulu-made virtually no
progress during the last two and a half years.
government
Just now
the Vietnamese
its understrength
ini
resources to the this problem; American sav
been reduced in number.
in 1965,
the
of the war
an estimated one out of every foun Vietnamese hes become a
"refugee
one sort OF
ime or another...
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declaration 7 (normass/deepe)
PAT
One serious problem faced tire by the American aid program was
supplies moved through the Vietnamese government apparatus--the Americans
were served as technicians, planners and logisticians, but not managers or
doers. The Vietnamese government is itself was being proportionately
weakened--more and more problems created by the war were thrust upon it
at
the same time the quantity and quality of its personnel were siphoned
off to serve the Vietnamese army.
Communist fifth-
It also faced the problems of double subversion:
columnists within its administration and corruption, in which bribes
and grafts to government officials negated the law of the land and the
democratic principle that all Vietnamese were equal.before the
Now, two and half years later, the newly-appointed Cabinet of
Tran Van Huong has not me
made major stresstrides in coping
with the enormous problems of governing effectively. But,
the
Prestigious
Prime Minister has made the most important step of all--the first one-to
correct the injustics and abuses that have prevented or negated the
Vietnam's social revolution.
==end reuter
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Date
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1968, Jul. 22
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Subject
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Vietnam War, 1961-1975; Vietnam War, 1961-1975--Peace; Vietnam--Foreign relations--United States; Honolulu Conference (1966 : Honolulu, Hawaii)
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Location
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Saigon, South Vietnam
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Coordinates
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10.8231; 106.6311
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Size
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20 x 26 cm
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Container
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B10, F38
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Format
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dispatches
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Collection Number
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MS 363
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Collection Title
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Beverly Deepe Keever, Journalism Papers
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Creator
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Keever, Beverly Deepe
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Copyright Information
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These images are for educational use only. To inquire about usage or publication, please contact Archives & Special Collections.
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Publisher
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Archives & Special Collections, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries
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Language
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English
