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Raymond J. Pool, Field Notes, 1912, Part 4

Raymond J. Pool

Field Notes, 1912

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Hydromatic Readings in Cherry Co. Lakes. 1912
Hackberry Lake — July 11, 1912

  1. Water edge of Phragmites       998.5:28.0° — 3 ft.
  2. Scirpus bayou                             998.5:29.0 — 1 ft.
  3. Myriophyllum W. end             998.5:29.0 — 1 ft.
  4. Open, S. side                              998.5:29.0 — 1 ft.
  5. Short Scirpus, S. side               998.5:28.0 — 1 ft.
  6. South side, open                       998.0:27.0 — 1 ft.
  7.  ” ” ”                                             998.5:27.0 — 1 ft.
  8. N. Nympahaea                          998.5:28.0 — 1 ft.
  9. East End                                      998.5:29.0 — 1 ft.
July 15 Phalaris Lake
Small Lake 1 mi. N.E. Rivers Stilwell
  1. N. side open near Potamageton      10021.5:18.0 — surface
  2. E. end open                                           1002.0:20.0 — "

Small Pond 1/4 mi. S. Big Alkali.

                                                               1003.0:27.5 — surface
Big Alkali —                                       995.9:29.5— "

 

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Visual Societies in Sand Hills

  1. Lathyrus omatus (inc incanus)
  2. Prunus melancarpa
  3. Prunus besseyi
  4. Ribes aureum
  5. Carex — (Dismal River) moist pocket flats
  6. Antennaria campestris (?) community
  7. Batrachium circinatum
  8. Castellia sessiliflora (Dismal)
  9. Carex pennsylvanica (uplands — with Grasses & Muhlenbergia)
  10. Arogalus lambertii
  11. Penstemon acimatus
  12. Lesquerella argentea
  13. Eriophorum gracile
  14. Festuca octoflora
  15. Dodeoctheon readicatum
  16. Plantago eriopoda

Aestival Societies (1st. week in June)

  1. Ceanothus ovatus (esp. in South)
  2. Ipomoea leptophylla? (west)
  3. Amorpha canescens
  4. Prosalea micrantha (June 10)
  5. Scirpus americanus (June 5)
  6. Batrachium — Myriophyllum
  7. Amorpha fruticosa
  8. Polygonum amphibium
  9. Froelichia floridana community
  10. Monarda citriodora
  11. Ratibida columnaris
  12. Psoralea argophylla
  13. Ratibida columnaris
Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Rudbeckia hirta

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Sand Collectors

Muhlenbergia pungens
Salsola tragus
Artemsia filifolia
Lathyrus omatus
Andropogon hallii
Psoralea micrantha
Rumex vevosus
Rosa arkansana
Penstemon hayden
Yucca glauca
Meriolix serrulata
Phlox douglasii
Prunus besseyi

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Sand Binders

Redfieldia flexmosa
Calamovilfa longifolia
Eragrostis trichodes
Psoralea micrantha
Phaca longifolia
Muhlenbergia pungens
Penstemon haydeni

 

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Alfalfa Culture in Sand Hills

Many good fields of this crop are seen. There should be much more sown. Has been shown that it can be grown readily. Good fields at Gandy, Tryon, Garden Co.​ Angora, Alliance, Seneca, Mullen.

Use dry valleys, or gentle north slopes where wind not especially strong. Be careful not to put it on too wet soil. Best method of putting it in not yet determined. All manners and methods used from broadcasting to drilling in with press drill and in rows wide enought apart so that the crop can be cultivated — At Seneca one man had good success by sowing it broadcast with corn.

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Literature

Rydberg — Flora of Sand Hills
Pond elements— Phytogeog. Nebr.
Bates —Psoe. Soc. Am. For.
Kellog — Forest Belts between Kan. & Nebr.

 

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

The Number of Species of Various Families in the Sand Hills

Monocots:                  No      Tot.       Pec.
Alismaceae                   2
Naiadaceae                 16
Typhaceae                   2
Aroidaceae                  1
Lemnaceae                  5          22           10
Graminaceae             119      119         20
Cyperaceae                 51       51           16
Liliaceae                      13
Pontedriaceae              0
Counclinaeae              2
Hydrophyllaceae        1
Amaryllidceae             0
Iridaceae                       1
Orchidaceae                6         23            5

                                                   215        51

Dicots:
Ranunculaceae          16
Menispermaecea        1
Nympaceae                 1
Papaveraceae               1
Cruciferaceae             15
Copparidaceae           4
Cistaceae                     2
Violaceae                     3
Polygalaecae                3          46          3
Caryophyllaceae        7           0            0
Portulacaceaceae       2
Ficoidaceae                 1
Nystaqinaceae           4
Glecetraceae               1
Amaranthaceae         6

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Chenepodiaceae      14
Polygonaceae            26           61           14
Hypericaceae             5
Euphorbiaceae         12
Malvaceae                   3
Tiliaceae                      1
Usticaeceae                 9
Ceratophyllaceae      1           30            3
Linaceae                      1
Zygophyllaceae
Geraniaceae                4
Rutaceae                     1
Elaeaguaceae              1
Celartraceae               2
Rhammaceae             4
Vitaceae                      2
Sapnidaceae               1
Anacardiaceae           3            20           2
Leguminorae            57           57           2
Rosaceae                    23           23           3
Saxifragaceae             4
Cranulaceae               1
Haloshigidaceae        3
Lythraceae                  2
Ongiaceae                  18           28           3
Loasaceae                    2
Cactaceae                    5
Umbelliferae             16
Araliaceae                   1
Cornaceae                  4            28           3
Ericaeceae                   1
Plantaginaceae          3
Prunuslaceae             4           8           1
Oleaceae                     1
Apocynaceae             1

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Asclepiadaceae          13
Gentianaceae              4            19           3
Polemouiaceae           3
Hydrophyllaceae       1
Boraguiaceae               7
Convolvulaceae          7
Solanaceae                    7            25           3
Scrophulanaceae        18
Orobanchaceae           2
Lentibulanaceae         1
Pedaliaceae                   1            22            5
Verbenaceae                 7
Labiataceae                 20           27            5
Caprifoliaceae             3
Rubiaceae                    7
Campanulaceae          9
Ascusbitaceae              2            21             5
Compositae                 125      125          32
                                                      540         88

Totals:                  Moncots.     215         51
                               Dicots.          540         88
                                                      735         139

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Societies

Prunus besseyi assocciation
Symphoricarpos association
Prunus association
Amorpha association
Salix humilis association
Ceanthus ovatus association
Rosa association
S

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Sand Hills Formations.

I. Upland Formations

    1. The Bunch — Grass Formation
         1)The Blow-out and Sand-draw Association
         2)The Muhlenbergia — Yucca Association
         3) The Andropogon — Yucca Association

    2. The Short Grass Formation
         1) The Bouteloua — Bulbilis Association
         2) The Wire Grass Association
         3)

    3. The Woodland Formation
         1) Eastern Scriduous Association
         2) Western Coniferous Association

    4. Cultural and Ruderal Vegetation

II. Lowland Formations

    1. The Water Plant Formation
         1) The Pondweed Association
         2) The Water Lily Association
         3) The Water Crowfoot Association
         4) The Stonewaort — Naias asscociation

   2. The Marsh Formation
         1) The Reed — Grass Rush Associatoin
         2) The Smartweed Association
         3) The Water Hemlock Association

    3. the Wet Meadow Formation
         1)The Rush Meadow Association
         2) The Fern Meadow Association
         3) The Hay Meadow Association

    4. The Spring — Branch Formation

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Form of Thesis
A study of the Vegetation of the Sand Hills of Nebraska

  1. Historical — previous study
  2. Area, and position in reference to state
  3. Topography and geology (vertical section)
  4. Climate and soil conditions
  5. The plant formations — root habits
  6. Forestation
  7. Grazing and agriculture
  8. Summary
  9. Bibliography
  10. Halftones

Illustrations:

     1. Halftones — habitats & associations
     2. Line etchings
          1) Quadrats — transects
          2) Topographic maps
          3) Other maps — associations etc.
     3. Tables & curves

Ecological environment of a sanday soil (see Gleason p 34, & Cockayne p)

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Number of Species Collected 1912

30          IIIII     IIIII     IIIII     IIIII      IIIII     IIIII

60          IIIII     IIIII     IIIII     IIIII      IIIII     IIIII

90          IIIII     IIIII     IIIII     IIIII      IIIII     IIIII

120        IIIII     IIIII     IIIII     IIIII      IIIII     IIIII

150        IIIII     IIIII     IIIII     IIIII      IIIII     IIIII

180        IIIII     IIIII     IIIII     IIIII      IIIII     IIIII

 210       IIIII     IIIII     IIIII     IIIII      IIIII     IIIII

240        IIIII     IIIII     IIIII     IIIII      IIIII     IIIII

270        IIIII     IIIII     IIIII     IIIII      IIIII     IIIII

300        IIIII     IIIII     IIIII     IIIII      IIIII     IIIII

330        IIIII     IIIII     IIIII     IIIII      IIIII     IIIII

360       IIIII     IIIII     IIIII     IIIII      IIIII     II

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Species Killed for Ecology Class

  1. Celastrus scandens (shade)
  2. Celastrus scandens (sun) H
  3. Hymenopappus filifolius Z
  4. Andropogon hallii Z
  5. Prunus besseyi Z
  6. Amorpha canescens (sun)
  7. Amorpha canescens (shade)
  8. Lacinaria squarrosa Z
  9. Lathyrus ornatus Z
  10. Tradescantia occidentalis Z
  11. Tradescantia occidentalis (stems)
  12. Lithospernum gruelini Z
  13. Prunus melanocarpa (shade)
  14. Typha latifolia H
  15. Alisma plantago aquatica H
  16. Rumex venosus Z
  17. Redfieldia flexuosa Z
  18. Alisma (fl. axis) H
  19. Yucca glauca Z
  20. Psoralea cuspidata
  21. Phaca longifolia Z
  22. Psoralea lanceolata Z
  23. Salix longifolia
  24. Fraximus lanceolata (sun)
  25. Fraximus lanceolata (shade)
  26. Prunus melanocarpa (sun)
  27. Crataegus occidentalis (shade)
  28. Crataegus occidentalis (sun)
  29. Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
  30. Salix hummilis
  31. Penstemon gracilis
  32. Phrysma leptostachya M
Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

2

Ecology Material (cont)

     33. Vagnera stellata (shade) M
     34. Circaea lutetiana M
     35. Helianthus scaperrimus
     36. Talinum teretifolium
     37. Nymphae advena — petioles H
     38. ” ” — peduncle
     39. ” ” leaves
     40. Potamogeton natans. fl. lvs. H
     41. Potamogeton richardsonii — em. lvs. H 
     42. Potamogeton zosterafolius — em. lvs.
     43. Myriophyllum spicatum — stems H
     44. Thomaca leptophylla — lvs. 2 Z
     45.
     46.
     47.
     48.
     49.
     50.

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Bot. 21 — 22

I. Ecological Anatomy

    1. Roots
    2. Stems — lab.
    3. Leaves — lab.
    4. Reproduction

II. Ecological Classification

    1. Hydro — Nero — etc.
    2. Formations, associations, etc.
    3. Instrumentation

III. Phytogoraphy

    1. Of North America
    2. Of Nebraska
    3. Prepare maps and charts

Autumn Field Trips

    1. Collect leaf & stem types
    2. Observe and collect disseminules
    3. Observe fruits
    4. Observe associations
    5. Observe vegetation forms
    6. Observe frost injury
    7. Competition and drought
    8. List Xero — Meso — Hydros
    9. Ecological Herbarium — “Habitat Herbarium”

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

C.A. Pickerel — Mumper (Ellsworth)
    Ida May — 2
    Gleeta Ustis — 5
    Susan Evelaine — 12
    Herman Arthur — 14
    Grandma — 86

Topics for papers

    1. The Sand Hills — a Misunderstood Region
    2. In Kinstead Land
    3. Bunch Grass and Blowouts
    4.

 

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records
JULY
S M T W T F S
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 X 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30 31

J. 10 Mrs. Co, dinner

 
AUGUST
S M T W T F S
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31

 

SEPTEMBER
S M T W T F S
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
29 30
Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Botany 34-35
    1. Chart
    2. Key & formulae for autumn plants
    3. Seed Production
    4. Dissemination
    5. Distribution
    6. Brief outline of physiology (with epts)
    7. ” ” ” ecology
    8. Dealers in supplies
    9. Herbarium making
    10. Literature for High Schools
    11. Botanical center
    12.

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Instruments
    1. Soil Borers — (Briggs
         1.) B. & L. #16536 — 525
         2.) American
         3.) Geotomes
    2. Field balance and weights to mg.
    3. Soil cans (Am. Can. co. St. Paul
    4. Soil Thermometers
         1.) Plain and (Green 12″)
         2.) Special 700 — 1900
    5. Air Thermometers 250 — 350
    6. Max. & Min. thermometers 825
    7. Draper Thermograph 3000
    8. Draper Psychiograph 3000
    9. Atmometer
         1.) Calibrated (Pische)
         2.) Porous cup
    10. Cog psychometer 700
    11. Standard Anemometer 2500
    12. Clinometer
    13. Quadrat tapes (white)
    14. Quadrat stakes — 24″
    15. shovel
    16. Calibrated vials (for transpiration)
    17. Record blanks
         1.) Water blanks
         2.) Humidity
         3.) Temperature (size max. & min.)
    18. Soil Drier

 

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Adaptations

1. Xerophytic adaptations of Apacynum hypericifolium
J.H. Schaffues. O. Nat. 10:184 Jan ’10

2. The realation of hairy and cutinized coverings to transpiration.
K.M. Wiegand Bot. Gaz. 49:430. Jun ’10.

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Biological Factors

1. Fire as a Biological Factor
J.C. Blumes Pr. World 13:42 F. '10

2. An animal factor in Plant Distribution
J.C. Blumes Pt. World 13:16 Jan '10

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Arid Habitats Drought Resistance

1. Physiologically arid habitats and drought resistance in Plants
A. Dachmouski Bot. Gaz. 49:32 M '10

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Atmometers Vapaorimeters

1. A simple vaporimeter
E.N. Nauseau Bot. Gaz. 49:459, J ’10

2. Operation fo Porous cup Atmometer
B.E. Livingston Pt. World 13:111 M. ’10.

3. Literature of evaporation
Grace J. Livingston Mont. W. Rev. 1908-1909

4. A Rain correcting Atmometer for Ecological Instrumentation
B.E. Livingston Pt. World 13:29 '10.

5. Evaporation and Plant Development
R.E.L.Pt. World 10:269—’07.

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Instrument Dealers

1. Frederick Carl
631 G St. N.W. Washington

2. H.J. Green
1191 Bedford Ave. Brooklyn

3. Julien P. Iniez
107 E. German St. Baltimore

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Plant Temperatures - effect of leaf modifications -
Kerver and Oliver
Nat. Hist. I:313

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Soil Moisture Studies

    1. Water content on dry weight
    2. Water holding capacity
    3. Non—available water
         1.) Greenhouse work
         2.) Several eachs of S. H. sand
         3.) Collect seeds in summer
         4.) Run some pots at Halsey

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Plant Temperatures

    1. Especially in blowouts —
    2. Effect of:
         1.) Hairy leaves vs. cutunized & wavey leaves.
         2. Fleshy thick & thin leaves
         3.) Time required to dry out when in sun.
    3. Kerver and Oliver—

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Sand Hill Grasses

Calamagrostis confissis
Eragrostis caroliniana
Panicum dichatomum
    "     wilcoxianum
Sieglingia purpurea
Aristada gracilis
Sporobolus gracilis
Sporobolus neglectus
Agropyron caninum
Scolochloa festucacea
Catabrosa aquatica
Elymus macounii

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

May 19

Left Gandy 80 M for the Dismal

Raymond J. Pool Field Notes and Records

Auto Faxes

'55  -  50% act. val 200  -  12.25
'54  -           "             445  -  24.50
'52                             965      11.86
'51                             1105   47.28