This  exhibit captures the reactions, opinions and organization of the University of Nebraska students interpreting the world view of “divestment” with the Apartheid of South Africa.  

The Apartheid was a system which was created to economically and socially disenfranchize the natives (non-white majority) of South Africa between 1948 and 1994. The white surpremacy in South Africa was supported and maintained by the Afrikaner minority rule.  Segregation, discrimination and slave labor was enforced through legislation in the National Party government of South Africa.  

South Africa was colonized by the English and the Dutch dutring the 17th Century. The Afrikaner National Party gained control in the 1940's, and the National Party created Apartheid with the intent of controlling economic and social systems in South Africa. Apartheid is the policy or practice of political, legal, or social discrimination, as against the members of a minority group.

Nelson Mandela became a lawyer despite overwhelming adversity in South Africa in the 1950's.  Mandela and wife, Winnie, celebrated on their wedding day June 14, 1958.  The Sharpeville Massacre was the action of South African Apartheid police officers opening fire on native South Africans on March 21, 1960.

United States companies invested in South Africa from 1966 ~ 1981.  The South African Apartheid subsidiaries and affiliates increased from $490 million in direct investments in 1966 to $2.6 billion in assets by 1981.

University of Nebraska students attended a Teach-in hosted by Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) on Saturday, March 12, 1966 and then protest on March 19, 1966

In 1966 the world began to call for the United States of America to "divest" from the South African Apartheid.  The fallout would travel heart of America, Lincoln, Nebraska, and create a unique connectivity to the University of Nebraska Cornhusker football program in 1965-1966.

1. Campus Opinion:  Teach-in on South Africa.  (1966, March 18).  The Daily Nebraskan, p. 2.
2. Campus Opinion:  SDS, SNCC Un-American?  (1966, March 18).  The Daily Nebraskan, p. 2.
3. Campus Opinion:  SDS Denies Basic Goals.  (1966, March 24).  The Daily Nebraskan, p. 2.
4. Campus Opinion:  U.S. Waits Too Long.  (1966, March 28).  The Daily Nebraskan, p. 2.
5. Campus Opinion:  Protests and American Policy.  (1966, March 28).  The Daily Nebraskan, p. 2.
6. Marchers Protest Apartheid.   (1966, March 21).  The Daily Nebraskan, p. 1.
7. Morris, Julie.  South African Holdings ‘Like Stock Exchange.’  (1966, March 21).  The Daily Nebraskan, p. 1.
8. SDS Teach-In to Climax South African Program.  (1966, March 14).  The Daily Nebraskan, p. 1.
9. SDS Marchers to Picket Five Lincoln Businesses.  (1966, March 17).  The Daily Nebraskan, p. 4.
10. Carter, Gwendolen M.   Can Apartheid Succeed in South Africa?  Council on Foreign Relations.  Foreign Affairs. (Jan, 1954)  Print.
11. Curtis, Neville.   South Africa:  The Politics of Fragmentation.  Council on Foreign Relations.  Foreign Affairs. (Jan, 1972)  Print.
12. First, Ruth, et al.  The South African Connection:  Western Investment in Apartheid.  London:  Billing & Sons Limited, 1972.  Print.
13. “International Initiatives:  Blueprint for Change in South Africa.”  Seminar.  Sponsored by The
     Carnegie Leadership Program of the Council on Religion and international Affairs and the U.S. Department of Education.  Hosted by Shaw University, Raleigh, North Carolina.  November 6-8, 1986.  Print.
14. Hull, Richard W.  American Enterprise in South Africa:  Historical Dimensions of Engagement and Disengagement.  New York:  New York University, 1990.  Print.
15. O’Mahony, Patrick J.  Investment:  A Blessing Or A Curse?  Great Britain:  Mayhew-McCrimmon, 1979.  Print.
16. Massie, Robert Kinloch.  Loosing the Bonds:  The United States and South Africa in the Apartheid Years.  New York:  Doubleday, 1997.  Print.
17. Newman, Anne & Bowers, Cathy.  Foreign Investment in South Africa and Namibia.  Washington, D.C.:  Investor Responsibility Research Center, 1984.  Print.
18. Rogers, Barbara.  White Wealth and Black Poverty:  American Investments in Southern Africa.  Westport:  Greenwood Press, 1976.  Print.
19. Seidman, Ann & Neva.  South Africa and U.S. Multinational Corporations.  Westport:  Lawrence Hill & Co., 1978.  Print.
20. Thompson, Carol B.  Forum:  Investing in South African Apartheid.  Peace & Change, Vol 4, Issue 2 (Apr, 1977):53-57.  Print.
21. Thomson, Alex.  U.S. Foreign Policy Towards Apartheid South Africa, 1948-1994:  Conflict of Interests.  New York:  Palgrave MacMillan, 2008.  Print.

Editor: Robert A. Perry, History 470: Digital History, Spring 2012