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derivative filename/jpeg
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363-07793 to 363-07803.pdf
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Digital Object Identifier
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363-07793 to 363-07803
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Title
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Article about Việt Cộng spy operations
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Description
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Original title: "subversion", Keever's title: "Invisible Pro-Communist Agents Pock-Mark South Vietnam," article draft about Việt Cộng espionage operations, for the New York Herald Tribune
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Transcript
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- Page 1
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beverly deepe
101 cong ly
saigon
page 1-subversion
Saigon-In a small hamlet not far from the 17th parallel
bordering North Viet Nam, a Catholic village priest complained to Western
year ago
visitor,
We used to denouo denounce every Communist tax collector that came
near our village. Now we have to talk to their secret agents in our hamlet."
The frustrated priest recalled a recent argument he had had with
the civilian secret agent about in a government directive
ordering village-owned land to be distributed among tenant farmers. The
Communitagant priest accused the Communist agent of sabatoging the
plan to make the government are ineffective.
In another example in the quiet northern province of Quang Tri,
peasants were told to elect hamlet councils in the 400 strategio hamlets
THESE ELEctions
the government established. American policymakers presumed this would provide
"democracy" at the grass roots level and entice the villagers to support the
bux government. But in 100 of the 400 hamlets, Vietcong agents were elected
to hamlet chiefs, according to provincial authorities,
Throughout Vietnam's 2000-plus villeges (which are clusters of hamlete)
Communist party-liners have up to 15 agents in each of Vietnam's
2000-plus villages (which are clusters of hamlets);
the country's 250 districts and up to 400 in the
have up to 40 in each of
mini 43 provincial capitals
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- Page 2
--------------------
eepe
subversion 2
mostly operating in their native areas
These party- Commununist party agents are distinct x from
other left-wing sympathizers making up the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam
Cora
Ve
and from the armed a pro-Communist/guerrillas which terrorize, propagandize
and attack government positions. (Source of figures is a prisoner's report told
to CIA man).
"Political subversion is a key element in any Comms Communist
insurgency apparatus," a high-ranking American officer explained. (Informatively
chief of staff General Stilwell). "The directing star is gaining control of
the people that on our sido--or replacing them.
"In Communist Party tactics, if they have no cell in a hamlet
today, they'll get one their tomorrow-or else try to."
More than 200 secret cells operate in the small, op prosperous
Gia Dinh province, containing the suburbs of Saigon, according to provincial
officials. An unknown number presumably operate in the city of Saigon, where
almost every businessmen-from small shopkeepers to factory owners--regularly
No commercial group
pay taxes to "go-betweens" working for the Viet Cong..
is left untouched-including Vietnamese generals who pay taxes for their
rice-land or rubber plantations held in the provinces.. French pla French-owned
planation owners are regular contributors; and indirectly every American
installation built in the provinces has been constructed by indirecting paying
taxes to the Viet Cong. Vietnamese construction firms doing American contract work
pay the taxes-to make sure the building is not blown up before its completed-
or to get wood from Communist-held mountain areas--and the taxes become an
additional cost to be paid by the U. s. government.
V
CoolS ARE
offer ust
(More)
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- Page 3
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deepe
subversion--3
The Vietnamese workers for American-owned firms regularly pay taxes to the Viet Cong,
(notably Esso trucks which drive through Communist-held areasx to supply fuel
for American joeps and helicoptersin the provinces).
Other businessmen, who are not Viet Cong sympathizers, happily
sassist the Viet Cong in black-marketeering or emaggling, such as drug store
clarks who sell them unlimited quantitites of drugs and medicines. Many of the
Viet Cong supplies are brought to Viet Nam by Chinese businessmen living in
in Cambodia
Cambodia. Init962 In the past three years, for example, the
tonnage of chloride potassium (please check this spelling) used in manufacturing
matches increased 100 per cent, but Cambodian match production increased only
one percent. The remainder was shipped via Chinese businessmen into Viet Nam
faxinx where the Viet Cong minum used it to produce gunpowder and munitions an
In another important aros is the black-marketerring of South Vietnames
piastress in 1963, Hanoi agents in Hong Kong bought up 20,000,000 piastres
($300,000) a month and then smuggled them into South Vietnam again to pay their
mines.
local bills.
"In a guerrilla situation, it is only normal that everyone pays
taxes to the Viet Cong," a high-ranking Vietnamese officer explained. "Those that
don't got their shops blown up."
(More)
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- Page 4
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deepe
subversion-4
Whhibom
It has long been assumed that the Viet Cong held portions of the
countryside, while the government held the urban centers. But now Vietnamese
officers concede, "the Viet Cong are in the towns too, but we just don't see them.
They're invisible there."
The pro-Communist agents have succeeded--tho kno no one knows
to what extent--in their usual tactics of infiltrating into the fention entire
fabric of the non-Communist society--in the population, the government and the
army.
Sometimes they recruit sympathizers flux of those already in a key
position.
Within the ranks of the population, pro-Communist sympathizers are
known to operate in the schools and universities, the trade unions, newspapers,
commercial enterprises, cultural groups, writers associations. Only two months
ago Communist propaganda leaflets were found scattered around the campus of
the University of Hue, four 400 miles north of Saigon, and a Communist Patriotic
organization was found in the initalimm Hue high school. Sutden Students at the
University of Saigon explain that they know some of their classmates are Viet Cong
sympathizers; a few university students will spend their summer vacation in the
Communist strongholds, such as D-Zone north of Saigon.
of the 14,000 taxi drivers in Saigon alone, half are known
to be Viet Cong agents; half are government agents; some maybe double agents
some might be triple agents, also working for a foreign government. Rumban
Several weeks ago, the Viet Cong agents diligently spread anti-American
XNXX lies; shortly after an American private shot a terrorist who throw a
grenade under his truck, the Viet Cong agents omitted the fact a grenade had been
thrown and accused the american of killing the Vietnamese bicyclist in cold blood.
--------------------
- Page 5
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ddeepe
subverions
During the current religious tensions, both the Catholics and
Buddhists accuse af each other of being infiltrated by Viet Cong agents; Catholics
even admit that their demonstrations have been suggested by persons working for
the Viet Cong. Security agents indicate one Buddhist priests smuggle Viet Cong
pa plastique intoxism is smuggled into Saigon by one known Buddhist priest,
and by government midym sergeants and privates whose jeeps are not searched
at specified checkpoints.
In the government ministries, ministeries, low-ranking jobs
such as secretaries and section chiefs are known to be working with Viet Congs
in the military, captains and le lieutenants and sergeants, even those working
in corps headquarters, are kamann pro- ommunist egents. In 195 1962,
a Vietnamese lieutenant studying in the United States sent to Viet Cong agents
in Paris the complete code for secret military transmissions. He was arrested
upon his return to Viet Nam.
Obviously,
the American military have not been ignored by the
36cret agents. The barber used by American CI's in one district town was
discovered to be a Viet Cong agent. A perk little secretary working in the
American military command in Saigon was arrested for oarrying a xa poisonous
hyperdo p hypodermic needle concealed in a pack of siago cigareetes with
instructions to kill an American officer; a scale drawing of-bed by bed and
radio including each radio and bed-in an American installation in the
provic provincial capital only 60 miles south of Saigon was found on
a Vigt Com
)More)
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- Page 6
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deepe
subversions-6
A favorite subversive weapon of the Communists is women many
of the bargirls, taxi dancers and prostitues prostitutes in Saigon and the
provincial capitals have been picked up by the government police. Some
work for both the goe government and the Viet Congs
one of the best restaurants in Saigon night clubs (with a brothel upstairs)
is considered part of the French espionage network. The Viet Cong also
operate a training school in D-Zone, north of Saigon, teaching peasant girls
to speak English and to be the best of maids and cooks.
to work in American homes.
They are then placed
Many of the fore fortunetellers, palmists, horoscope-readers
are known to work for both the government and the Viet Cong. This is an
important source of information-gathering, plus a means to influence government
officials and military officers. Many a Vietnamese officer refuses to
go on operations or patrols on the "bad days" mentioned by his fortuneteller.
Almost every general Vietnamese general sends his wife or captains to
have his horoscope read, which dictates his actions. Two weeks ago,
province chief refused to animax.xmorden allow his newly-appointed
deputy to begin work on Tuesday which was a "horrendously bad day," he explained.
The deputy began work on Wednesday
"a lucky day."
-30-
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- Page 7
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beverly deepe
101 cong ly
saigon
page 1-subversion
Saigon In a small hamlet not far from the 17th parallel
bordering North Viet Nam, a Catholic village priest complained to Western
year ago
visitor,
We used to denouc denounce every Communist tax collector that came
near our village. Now we have to talk to their secret agents in our hamlet. 1
The frustrated priest recalled a recent argument he had had with
the civilian secret agent about distributian armybbage a government directive
ordering village-owned land to be distributed among tenant farmers. The
Communinhangembam priest accused the Communist agent of sabatoging the
plan to make the government are ineffective.
In another example in the quiet northern province of Quang Tri,
peasants were told to elect hamlet councils in the 400 strategic hamlets,
THESE ELECtions
the government established. American policymakers presumed this would provide
#democracy" at the grass roots level and entice the villagers to support the
But im 100 of the 400 hamlets, Vietcong agents were elected
bx government.
to hamlet chiefs, according to provincial authorities.
Throughout Vietnam's 2000-plus villages (which are clusters of hamlete)
Communist party-liners have up to 15 agents in each of Vietnam's
2000-plus villages (which are clusters of hamlets); have up to 40 in each of
the country's 250 districts and up to 400% in the
43 provincial capitals
--------------------
- Page 8
--------------------
deepe
subversion-± 2
mostly operating in their native areas
These party- Commununist party agents are distinct x from
other left-wing sympathizers making up the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam
VIỆT cong
and from the armed pro-Communist/guerrillas which terrorize, propagandize
and attack government positions. (Source of figures is a prisoner's report told
to CIA man).
"Political subversion is a key element in any Corpus Communist
insurgency apparatus," a high-ranking American officer explained. (Informatively
chief of staff General Stilwell). "The directing star is gaining control of
the people that on our side--or replacing them..
today,
"In Communist Party tactics, if they have no cell in a hamlet
they'll get one their tomorrow-or else try to."
officials.
More than 200 secret cells operate in the small, pop prosperous
Gia Dinh province, containing the suburbs of Saigon, according to provincial
An unknown number presumably operate in the city of Saigon, where
almost every businessman--from small shopkeepers to factory owners--regularly
pay taxes to "go-betweens" working for the Viet Cong. No commercial group
is left untouched--including Vietnamese generals who pay taxes for their
rice-land or rubber plantations held in the provinces. Enen-pla French-owned
planation owners are regular contributors; and insinctly y American
installation built in the provinces has been constructed by indirecting paying
taxes to the Viet Cong. Vietnamese construction firms doing American contract work
pay the taxes--to make sure the building is not blown up before its completed-
or to get wood from Communist-held mountain areas--and the taxes become an
dditional cost to be paid by the U. S. government.
Coolies
FRE
often we orga
e
Con Vict
Construction.
Cong. work.
--------------------
- Page 9
--------------------
deepe
subversion-3
The Vietnamese workers for American-owned firms regularly pay taxes to the Viet Cong,
(notably Esso trucks which drive through Communist-held areas to supply fuel
N+
for American jeeps and helicoptersin the provinces).
Other businessmen, who are not Viet Cong sympathizers, happily
for named Profts
sassist the Viet Cong in black-marketeering or smuggling,
such as drug store
clerks who sell them unlimited quantitites of drugs and medicines. Many of the
Viet Cong supplies are brought to Viet Nam by Chinese businessmen living in
in Cambodia
Cambodia. Inxh962panem In the past three years, for example, the
tonnage of chloride potassium (please check this spelling) used in manufacturing
matches increased 100 per cent, but Cambodian match production increased only
one percent.
The remainder was shipped via Chinese businessmen into Viet Nam
fax where the Viet Cong mammen used it to produce gunpowder and munitions and
In another important area is the black-marketerring of South Vietnamese
piastres; in 1963, Hanoi agents in Hong Kong bought up 20,000,000 piastres
($300,000) a month and then smuggled them into South Vietnam again to pay their
mines.
local bills.
2.
"Those that
"In a guerrilla situation, it is only normal that everyone pays
taxes to the Viet Cong," a high-ranking Vietnamese officer explained.
don't get their shops blown up."
(More)
--------------------
- Page 10
--------------------
deepe
subversion-44
Warham
It has long been assumed that the Viet Cong held portions of the
countryside, while the government held the urban centers. But now Vietnamese
officers concede, "the Viet Cong are in the towns too, but we just don't see them
They're invisible there."
The pro-Communist agents have succeeded--tho kno no one knows
to what extent-in their usual tactics of infiltrating into the farm entire
fabric of the non-Communist society-in the population, the government and the
Among
Sometimes they recruit sympathizers of those already in a key
army.
position.
Within the ranks of the population, pro-Communist sympathizers are
known to operate in the schools and universities, the trade unions, newspapers,
And
commercial enterprises, cultural groups, writers associations.
Only two months
ago Communist propaganda leaflets were found scattered around the campus of
the University of Hue, four 400 miles north of Saigon, and a Communist Patriotic
organization was found in the kummimiimm Hue high school. Sutden Students at the
University of Saigon explain that they know some of their classmates are Viet Cong
sympathizers; a few university students will spend their summer vacation in the
Communist strongholds,
such as D-Zone north of Saigon.
Of the 14,000 taxi drivers in Saigon alone, half are known
to be Viet Cong agents; half are government agents; some maybe double agents;
some might be triple agents, also working for a foreign government. Dungmam
VEPS
Several weeks ago, the Viet Cong agents diligently spread anti-Americam
KNX lies shortly after an American private shot a terrorist who threw a
grenade under his truck, the Viet Cong agents omitted the fact a grenade had been
thrown and accused the american of killing the Vietnamese bicyclist in cold blood.
--------------------
- Page 11
--------------------
ddeepe
subverions--
5
Som e
During the current religious tensions, both the Catholics and
Buddhists accuse of each other of being infiltrated by Viet Cong agents;
Catholics
Catholics
even admit that their demonstrations have been suggested by persons working for
the Viet Cong. Security agents indicate one Buddhist priests smuggle Viet Cong
pa plastique intagm is smuggled into Saigon by one known Buddhist priest,
and by government mkiirhanym sergeants and privates whose jeeps are not searched
at specified checkpoints.
PERS
In the government ministries, ministeries, low-ranking jobs
such as secretaries and section chiefs are known to be working with Viet Cong;
in the military, captains, and Te lieutenants and sergeants,
Joint GENERAL STAFF
in corps headquarters, are knot pro- ommunist agents.
CommuCations
even those working
In 195 1962,
He was arrested
a Vietnamese lieutenant studying in the United States sent to Viet Cong agents
in Paris the complete code for secret military transmissions.
upon his return to Viet Nam.
Obviously, the American military have not been ignored by the
secret agents. The barber used by American GI's in one district town was
discovered to be a Viet Cong agent. A perk little secretary working in the
American military command in Saigon was arrested for carrying a poisonous
hyperdo p hypodermic needle concealed in a pack of ciage cigareetes with
instructions to kill an American officer; a scale drawing ofxx-bed by bed and
radio including each radio and bed-in an American installation in the
povic provincial capital only 60 miles south of Saigon was found on
Viet Cong prisoner.
) More)
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Date
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1964, Jun.
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Subject
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Vietnam War, 1961-1975; Mặt trận dân tộc giải phóng miền nam Việt Nam; Villages--Vietnam; Civilians in war
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Location
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Saigon, South Vietnam
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Coordinates
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10.8231; 106.6311
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Size
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20 x 26 cm
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Container
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B3, F7
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Format
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dispatches
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Collection Number
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MS 363
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Collection Title
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Beverly Deepe Keever, Journalism Papers
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Creator
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Keever, Beverly Deepe
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Collector
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Keever, Beverly Deepe
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Copyright Information
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These images are for educational use only. To inquire about usage or publication, please contact Archives & Special Collections.
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Publisher
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Archives & Special Collections, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries
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Language
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English
